DERIVATION

Morphological derivation

1. NOMINALIZATION

A dream maker, My heartbreaker.Wherever you're goin', I'm goin' that way

Two drifters off to see the world. ("Moon River" song)

The movers and shakers have always been obsessive nuts.
Read more at: https://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/theodore_sturgeon_273028

The movers and shakers have always been obsessive nuts; At Harvard, people like to impart the idea that you are a mover and shaker. (share, tell a secret)
sb.who has influence, pez gordo, lider de opinion)

I am a shocker. I like to create controversy. It's my trademark * Marriage was not that big a deal, to be honest! I mean, it makes life easier for technical reasons. The real shocker was falling in love with the man I'm married to.

Prejudice is a great time saver. You can form opinions without having to get the facts.

Valentine's Day is definitely one of those days where it's either awesome or it's a downer. I'm learning to accept the lack of privacy as the real downer in my profession

Going for a walk can be a major game changer. (an event, idea, or procedure that effects a significant shift in the current way of doing or thinking about something).
Music is a mood changer. I use music to help lift my mood if I'm in a sad state of mind. 

I'm not an unkind person, but by the same token, I'm not a people-pleaser.
Read more at: https://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/trudie_styler_865032

I'm not an unkind person, but by the same token, I'm not a people-pleaser. 

Having a baby is a real life changer and learning how to become a parent only comes with practice.

I'm learning to accept the lack of privacy as the real downer in my profession.
Read more at: https://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/halle_berry_340511

Yoga is a life-saver; I think work really is a life saver, because it carries you forward, which is good.


2. VERBALIZATION

Math is like going to the gym for your brain. It sharpens your mind.

Nothing strengthens authority so much as silence. Leonardo da Vinci

To become a popular religion, it is only necessary for a superstition to enslave a philosophy.

To become a popular religion, it is only necessary for a superstition to enslave a philosophy.
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3. ADJECTIVIZATION 

I don't mind being called snobbish, a pain and a social climber, but being called unkind really hurts.


In the land of the blind the one-eyed man is king.

Why can't a bicycle stand up on its own? A: Because it's too tired!. (two-tired: 2 tires)

I want to show people they don't have to be scared of being different. (Verbal Adj.)

3.1 VERBAL ADJECTIVES

I prefer a pleasant vice to an annoying virtue. Moliere. (verbal adjective)

I prefer a pleasant vice to an annoying virtue.
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CONVERSION (ANTIMERIA / ZERO DERIVATION)

NOMINALIZATION

Women need to hear the words "It's okay if things don't go exactly the way you want them to". Give yourself a break!
1. inf. to stop criticizing or annoying someone, or behaving in an unpleasant way.
2. to allow someone some time away from their work or regular activities

It was a tough call, but eventually I decided to give up my job. (decision).

The horses were in line, ready for the off. (the start of a race or a journey); Are we ready for the off, then? (the act of leaving somewhere)
 
I'd like to have a go at directing; I am sufficiently wary of dangerous situations, but I'm not scared of having a go.

Everyone must have a shot at the American Dream.




VERBIFICATION

I mean there's someone besides your mother you gotta forgive.
You mean me? For trying to off myself?. - Why don't give yourself a brake? (dialogue from the movie "Ordinary people")

Don't mother me. We're practically the same age. - I don't mean to mother you, but someone has to look out for you.


Breaking news: Japan bombs Haway. (newspaper headline)

Dictators free themselves, but they enslave the people.


ADJECTIVIZATION








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Morphological derivation, in linguistics, is the process of forming a new word from an existing word, often by adding a prefix or suffix, such as -ness or un-. For example, happiness and unhappy derive from the root word happy.
It is differentiated from inflection, which is the modification of a word to form different grammatical categories without changing its core meaning: determines, determining, and determined are from the root determine.^[1]

Derivational patterns

Derivational morphology often involves the addition of a derivational suffix or other affix. Such an affix usually applies to words of one lexical category (part of speech) and changes them into words of another such category. For example, the English derivational suffix -ly changes adjectives into adverbs (slow → slowly).
Here are examples of English derivational patterns and their suffixes:

• adjective-to-noun: -ness (slow → slowness)
• adjective-to-verb: -ise (modern → modernise) in British English or -ize (final → finalize) in American English and Oxford spelling
• adjective-to-adjective: -ish (red → reddish)
• adjective-to-adverb: -ly (personal → personally)
• noun-to-adjective: -al (recreation → recreational)
• noun-to-verb: -fy (glory → glorify)
• verb-to-adjective: -able (drink → drinkable)
• verb-to-noun (abstract): -ance (deliver → deliverance)
• verb-to-noun (agent): -er (write → writer)

However, derivational affixes do not necessarily alter the lexical category; they may change merely the meaning of the base and leave the category unchanged. A prefix (write → re-write; lord → over-lord - cacique, generalisimo) rarely changes the lexical category in English. The prefix un- applies to adjectives (healthy → unhealthy) and some verbs (do → undo) but rarely to nouns. A few exceptions are the derivational prefixes en- and be-. En- (replaced by em- before labials) is usually a transitive marker on verbs, but it can also be applied to adjectives and nouns to form transitive verbs: circle (verb) → encircle (verb) but rich (adj) → enrich (verb), large (adj) → enlarge (verb), rapture (noun) → enrapture (verb), slave (noun) → enslave (verb).
When derivation occurs without any change to the word, such as in the conversion of the noun breakfast into the verb to breakfast, it's known as conversion, or zero derivation.
Derivation that results in a noun may be called nominalization. It may involve the use of an affix (such as with employ → employee), or it may occur via conversion (such as with the derivation of the noun run from the verb to run). In contrast, a derivation resulting in a verb may be called verbalization (such as from the noun butter to the verb to butter).

We should note too that not every adjective ending with -ing or -ed is a participle: “three-legged” (the -ed means something more like “equipped with)